Imagine gliding across the water on a surfboard, propelled not by waves but by an electric motor, effortlessly skimming the surface with the wind in your hair. The electric hydrofoil surfboard (eFoil) is turning this fantasy into reality. Combining elements of surfing, kiteboarding, wakeboarding, and snowboarding, this innovative watercraft is capturing the attention of water sports enthusiasts worldwide. But just how fast can these futuristic boards go?

David Trewern, founder and CEO of Fliteboard, explains: "With the right configuration, a Fliteboard can reach speeds up to 50 km/h (30 mph). But the true joy of eFoiling isn't just about speed—it's about that weightless sensation of flying above the water." Below, we examine the factors that influence an eFoil's performance and how different setups affect the riding experience.

An eFoil is an electrically powered surfboard that uses an underwater hydrofoil to lift the board above the surface once it reaches sufficient speed. The board is propelled by a battery-powered motor, and riders control their speed using a handheld wireless remote. As speed increases, the hydrofoil generates lift, reducing drag and creating a smooth, flying sensation.

Most eFoils can reach speeds between 32-48 km/h (20-30 mph), though actual performance depends on several variables, including motor power, hydrofoil design, board size, rider weight, and skill level.

• Thrust: The motor's power, gearbox, and propeller design determine the board's thrust. Fluid dynamics also play a crucial role—reduced drag allows for more efficient movement through the water.
• Hydrofoil Design: The size and shape of the hydrofoil significantly impact speed and stability. Larger foils provide more lift at lower speeds, making them ideal for beginners, but they limit top speed. Smaller, more streamlined hydrofoils reduce drag for higher speeds but require greater skill to control. Fliteboard's Race 700 hydrofoil, for example, is engineered for competitive riders, offering minimal drag while maintaining stability.
• Board Size: Larger boards offer stability during takeoff, gliding, and landing, making them suitable for beginners. However, their size and weight typically result in lower maximum speeds. Smaller, performance-oriented boards, like the Fliteboard PRO and ULTRA L2, achieve higher speeds but demand better balance and technique.
• Rider Weight: Lighter riders can reach higher speeds more easily, as less power is required to lift the board. Heavier riders need more thrust to achieve the same performance.
• Water Conditions: Calm, flat water allows for maximum speed with minimal resistance. Choppy waters increase drag and make maintaining high speeds difficult. Wind direction also affects performance—headwinds slow the board, while tailwinds provide a helpful push.

Most eFoil batteries last between 60-90 minutes, depending on speed and water conditions. Smaller batteries are lighter and allow for quicker acceleration but have shorter runtimes. Riders who prioritize endurance can extend their session by cruising at moderate speeds.

Beginners: New riders should start with lower speeds and larger hydrofoils for stability. Many eFoils offer customizable speed settings, allowing riders to gradually increase velocity as they gain confidence.

Advanced Riders: Experienced riders often prefer smaller boards and hydrofoils for higher speeds and agility. By pushing the motor to its limits and using streamlined foils, they can execute advanced maneuvers like carving, jumping, and other tricks. Some opt for specialized eFoils designed for performance, such as the limited-edition Flite x Marc Newson.

As with any water sport, safety is paramount. Given the potential for high speeds, proper safety gear is essential:

• Always wear a helmet, even when riding at lower speeds.
• Use a life jacket or PFD (personal flotation device) to ensure safety in case of a fall.
• Be aware of other water users—maintain a safe distance from swimmers, boats, and obstacles.
• Know your limits. Beginners should stick to calmer waters and lower speeds until they gain proficiency.

eFoiling offers a thrilling way to experience the water, combining speed, agility, and the sensation of flight. With top speeds ranging from 32-50 km/h (20-30 mph) and customizable setups for all skill levels, riders can tailor their experience to match their abilities.